IJLHSS

Abstract: The disputes over South China sea are issues that have continuously irritated China prompting it to respond in various ways like for example carefully reacting through its foreign strategies, and one of the countries that have been at logger heads with China in modern times with regard to South China sea is the Philippines. Therefore, this article intends to react to two vibrant questions: what is China’s foreign policy towards the South China Sea? Second, how had the maritime matters been held between China-Philippines relations particularly with regards to their territorial dispute? The international relations between China and the Philippines offers a perfect benchmark of how China has sensitively handled its foreign policy to react to the South China Sea question. For that reason, the article will analyze China’s strategies on the Philippines from three main aspects: China’s foreign policy towards the South China Sea, the maritime issues’ situations as well as the relations between China and the Philippines under this territorial dispute. The economic power reflects most of a nation’s strength, as a result, China’s rising economic power is serving as an essential element in shaping China-Philippines relations. Could this really be true?

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic is currently in rapid progress and it has threatened the global social network that glues the global together. The study aims to assess the psychosocial impact of the COVID-19 outbreak, including the loss in productivity and job disruption due to the restrictive measures of COVID-19 lockdown in Victoria Falls. The spillover psychosocial impact of the pandemic has been seen in almost every sector globally. The COVID-19 is a topical issue, which has attracted the scholarly lens. Given the massive attention devoted to the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper detected that the psychosocial signal is carrying a spectre of increased uncertainty and unknown future. The phenomenological research design was used to study individuals in their natural setting and the population in the study is the adult breadwinners who reside in the town and surrounding area of Victoria Falls. The random and purposive sampling was used to select the participants and data was analyzed using thematic content analysis. Data was collected through an anonymous open-ended interview question on social media platforms. The COVID-19 lockdown has pushed Victoria Falls into mucky-waters. The advent of the coronavirus pandemic has left Victoria Falls in a dire situation with thousands of people losing their jobs and source of livelihoods. COVID-19 has caused panic and fear among the residents resulting in multiple effects such as the uncertainties with their livelihoods, not being able to work during isolation, fear of being dismissed from work, fear of being separated from loved ones, feelings of hopelessness, boredom, fear of death, loneliness and depression due to isolation.

Abstract: Leadership, leadership style and gender – leadership relation topics have attracted the attention of scholars throughout human history. This research paper investigates the perception differences of leadership style between genders. The testing of our hypothesis is done through the gathering of data, using a leadership style questionnaire (Northouse 2013). The survey was distributed to 387 staff members of the two biggest private hospitals in Albania. Parametric and non-parametric tests were conducted. Despite the difference between the institutions where the research is conducted, the results indicate that there exists a difference in perception of leadership style between genders. The results of this research contribute to the understanding of leadership style perception through genders, helping practitioners to comprehend differences and take action accordingly.

Abstract: The controversies related to the construction of GERD are still up in the air between Ethiopia and Egypt. The current trend, however, indicates that both Nile riparian states have inclined to resolve the Nile water utilization dispute in peaceful means [for instance, good office, mediation and other related peaceful means of dispute resolution] than resorting to using force. For instance, while Abiy Ahmed of Ethiopian Prime Minister visited Cairo in June 2018, and in 2019 at African-Russia Summits promised to ensure that Ethiopia’s development projects do not harm Egypt, Abdel Fattah al-Sisi said that his country recognizes that the dispute has no military solution. Despite the rhetoric warming relations, Ethiopia and Egypt are at odds over the issue related to Nile River utilization. Dr. Abiy underlined for the parliament that no force could stop Ethiopia from building a dam. And he added that if there is a need to go to war, they could get millions readied. Likewise, currently, all of the organ Egyptian states reiterated that they will defend their interest regarding Nile river use by all means available. Thus, this indicates that Egypt has announced it has chosen the path to war. But this article suggests that it had better go to the ICJ than go to war. Because resorting to arms could cause massive loss of human life and resources. Ethiopia and Egypt do not have a formal Nile water utilization agreement. Although none of them is not a party to it, the 1997 of UN watercourse Convention is generally considered to be the most accurate representation of customary international law regarding shared water utilization. Equitable and reasonable and no significant harm principles are the core principles of the Convention. This article discusses the type of harm that may or may not be permitted under international water law. The main theme of this article is thus; to elucidate how ICJ will entertain the Nile dispute if it would be taken to it. Based on the aforementioned principles, it can be said that the court would be unlikely to find in Egypt’s favour.

Abstract: This paper critically assesses the legal framework on winding up of companies in Mauritius. The Insolvency Act (2009) which is the main legislation on the subject matter is analysed in relation to both compulsory liquidation and the two types of voluntary liquidation, that is shareholders’ and creditors’ voluntary winding up. This has been conducted in comparison with the United Kingdom’s legislative framework on winding up. This paper provides for an insight to winding up of companies in Mauritius which is becoming significantly important in the current ever-changing business world.

Abstract: The terrorist recidivism in Indonesia has increased after Isnaini Ramdhoni, who had just been on parole for two months, were re-involved in the suicide bomb attack in Surabaya. Deradicalization if carried out by the right person, the right method, the right material, adequate equipment and sufficient funds should not occur terrorist recidivism. So that terrorist recidivism does not happen again, the important thing to do is to evaluate the de-radicalization program that has been carried out so far. SWOT analysis is a method that can be used to evaluate the implementation of de-radicalization policies in Indonesia. Important findings in this study are first, the strength of Indonesia in implementing de-radicalization is the increasing role of government and society. Second, the weakness is the lack of good collaboration between the implementers of deradicalization. The opportunity is to support foreign aid to Indonesia in handling terrorism. Fourth, the globalization of jihad is still a real threat. Terrorist recidivism can be prevented by sustainable deradicalization through increased man, methods, materials, machine, and money.

Abstract: Child marriages continue to be a global challenge causing major physiological and psychological health problems. The purpose of the study was to explore the psychological experiences of girls in child marriages in a marginalised Community in Nyanga District. An interpretive phenomenological approach was adopted to explore the life-world of girls in child marriages. Twenty-five (25) participants were identified and recruited using snowball sampling. Data for the study was collected using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Content analysis was used to analyse and draw themes from the data. The aim was to attain a condensed and broad description of the psychological experiences of girls in child marriages. This involved reading out each in-depth interview and focus group discussion to identify potential codes and creating a coding system and assigning agreed-upon codes to relevant texts. The investigators independently coded data and compared notes to ensure reliability. The themes which emerged from the in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were lack of self-identity, depression, low self-esteem, isolation, post-traumatic stress, helplessness and lack of confidence. Support networks are important for girls in child marriages in marginalised communities of a low resourced country like Zimbabwe.

Abstract: Criminal discovery v. The Right against Self-Incrimination has been a persistent debate when the topic of discussion is a Narco-Analysis test. I wish to understand the relevance of a Narco test in today’s scenario when the gravity of the crimes being committed to has increased. It has always been so in the Criminal Law that the greater right must be leaned towards. The right of society to live. To live in peace and security and with dignity. So, when the rights of the accused are pitted against that of an entire society, the former seems rather feeble. But even then, the courts take measure to equally weigh and protect the rights of both the parties. How does one place the legality of the Narco test in such a scenario? The technological advancement that the test provides takes strands in providing justice and in increasing the conviction rate in India. In that case what should be the actual standard for judging the validity of the Narco test? Through this paper, I wish to analyze the validity of the test and the relevance of the test today in the light of the gravity of the crimes and the urgency to deliver justice.