IJLHSS

Abstract: The paper attempts to discuss and describe energy reform policy, particularly oil and gas, as a part of resource governance. Indonesia undergoes inefficient energy utilization, and among the emerging issues is about subsidy through the public budget. To date, there are fourteen models of policy reform that have been done, and those models continuously face challenges despite its great importance on the macro scale for budget efficiency for development. This writing proves that the Indonesian case provides essential knowledge of political challenges on reform implementation in a developing country that is prone to the indirect impact of subsidy decrease.

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Abstract: Task-based language teaching is an acceptable method of teaching learning process proposed by Prhabu in 1987 and has been effectively used since then. However, in order to see the applicability of this method in English learning in the Pakistani context, research is needed to know the perceptions of teachers’ teaching at secondary school level in the government schools of District Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The objectives of this research paper are to explore the general perceptions of the English teachers, the effectiveness of TBLT and their suggestions. In order to achieve the objectives of this study mixed questionnaire was administered to 16 English teachers at secondary schools in the urban area of district Mardan. Data were analyzed using mean, mode, standard deviation and frequency. It was found that TBLT is more effective than a traditional language teaching methodology. The study highly recommended the use of TBLT for English teachers teaching at secondary school in Pakistan students for English language learning skills.

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Abstract: Mauritius has embarked on arguably one of the most significant infrastructural projects in its history through the Metro Express project. Voted as a remedy to the problem of traffic congestion and an opportunity to position Mauritius as an investor-friendly nation, this project has fuelled numerous debates. Some stakeholders argue that it is a much-needed development project whereas others are critical about its impact on human lives and the environment. While a considerable proportion of its impact will only be evident in future, the way this project has changed the lives of some people has been formidable. Indeed, scores of families who had their houses and properties where the track of the locomotive is supposed to pass have been displaced and relocated, with or without compensation. With the above as background, this article focuses on the tension between the right to property of Mauritians guaranteed by the Constitution and the developmental need of the country. An assessment is conducted to see how and in what circumstances the constitutional right to property is entrenched and what impact it has on the Metro Express project. In essence, the main interrogation of this article is whether or not there is a balanced mode of development that the Constitution provides for through the lens of the right to property.

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Abstract: Worldwide, the prison institutions have a mandate to correct the behaviour of inmates. The objective of this paper is to design a prison correctional conceptual framework, which empowers the inmates psychologically and with practical and sustainable survival skills to avoid recidivism. When the inmates are due for release, they should be community-fit both physical and psychological to meet their communities, ready, willing and with a sense of safety to start life once more in their communities of origin. The correctional conceptual framework is proposed positive perspective of how offenders can best adapt to the institutional environment, impart skills and prepare the inmates for safe landing back in their communities of origin after the release. The prisons should be capacitating, empowering, behaviour-change agents and entrepreneurship imparting institutions. The correctional framework was designed after notable gaps in correctional programs in developing countries in sub-Sahara. The concept of the Zambian Prisons Health System Strengthening (ZaPHSS) has triggered to the holistic development of the framework in a way to bridge the gaps left by ZaPHSS. The authors observed that life after imprisonment was not easy, particularly “the-facing-your-community” after imprisonment depending on the degree of the cases. Most cases in Sub-Sahara are triggered by poverty, jealous and irrational thinking and come in the form of theft, robbery ,conning, sexual harassment and abuses amongst many of them, The Humanistic and Social Disorganisational theories and business models informed the authors in the developing this prison correctional conceptual framework. The framework has nine solid steps that can be suitable for inmates who are in poverty, out of employment, with the desire for self-sustenance projects and leading peaceful life after the release. The framework was developed to see positive-minded, self-reliant and functional former inmates integrating well with their communities of origin. It is less suitable for inmates on death rows or life-sentence.

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Abstract: The Code of Corporate Governance 2016 of Mauritius has made it compulsory for some entities to achieve gender diversity on their respective boards. In this male-dominated society, it, therefore, becomes vital to assess the contribution of female representation on corporate boards. In this respect, this study aims to investigate the relationship between gender diversity and financial performance of firms. A panel data analysis and time series approaches are employed to measure the financial performance of firms listed on the Official Market of the Stock Exchange of Mauritius over a 4-year period that is from 2014 to 2018. Regression analysis is used to figure out the impact of gender diversity represented by the number of women on boards and the proportion of women on boards on three performance indicators being the return on assets, the return on equity and leverage. The findings show that gender diversity has a positive impact on ROA by 28.6% whereas no significant results are found for the effect of gender diversity on ROE and leverage. This may be explained due to the low level of female representation on boards which has not helped the researcher assess accurately the impact on other financial indicators. This paper has focused on Mauritius companies and findings contribute to the growing knowledge on the relationship between board gender diversity and corporate financial performance.

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Abstract: Bangladesh poses an important role to promote livelihood status for the tribal community. With the main force of Bengali people, there are some ethnic communities are living in Sylhet city, Bangladesh. Among them, Chakma, Marma, Garo, Hajong, Tripura, Manipuri, and Khashia are the most common. Among them, Manipuri are mostly educated. The most common scene of the ethnic community of worlds is that they are on a backward position on education, culture, socio-economic condition and many other sectors. But the advanced ethnic minority Manipuri people are experts at service, education, business and living standard. Manipuri handicrafts are one of their attractive business product. They are famous for their handicraft. But this sector has some problems. These problems affect their marketing policy. This empirical research arises from the perceived need to get a better understanding of Manipuri handicrafts entrepreneurship development and contribution to their family. The study was to analyze the impact of handicrafts entrepreneurship development, their problems, and prospects of marketing. The research findings revealed that weak technical equipment has significant impacts on enterprise income, total expenditure, and income at the household level. I t is recommended that the Government should give emphasis on developing ethnical enterprises. Non-government organizations should co-operate developing ethnical product interests.

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